Global Warming Report

Introduction 

Global Warming is a term used to describe the increase of average temperature on the surface of the Earth.  A constant and rapid raising of global temperature causes climate change and disorders the weather balance and life conditions.  Unlike any regional disasters, viral diseases and social conflicts, global warming is basically borderless. Therefore global warming is the most challenging issue now on the Earth as it threatens the live of every being on the globe. 

This report highlights the causes and effects of global warming followed by possible suggestions on how to tackle it.  

Causes

Although natural activities like bushfires and volcanoes release a massive amount of carbon dioxide, the major factors of global warming are made by humans. (What is climate change? nd).  Generally there are two causes for global warming. 

1. Greenhouse Gas 

Global warming happens under the effect of greenhouse gas.  Greenhouse is a phenomenon caused by a group of heavy molecule gases by which the sun's warmth is trapped on the Earth.  Dissimilar gases are with different level of greenhouse effects but carbon dioxide (CO2), methane and nitrous oxide are at the top in terms of their quantity in the atmosphere. (What is climate change? nd).  There are many factors of releasing greenhouse gas in the atmosphere.  According The World Wildlife Foundation, power stations and machineries such as planes, trains and cars which consume fossil fuels like petroleum and coal emit carbon dioxide.  Some grazing animals like sheep and kettles releases methane. (What causes global warming? WWF nd).

2. Deforestation  

Forests are the natural tools to balance climate.  Forests run the water cycle by vaporizing it up to the air.  Forests absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.  Deforestation will stop this important action of carbon sinking.  According the World Wildlife Fund estimation, 15% of the overall greenhouse gas emissions is because of deforestation. (Overview, WWF, nd)  

Either greenhouse gas emission or deforestation, both intensify global warming consequently creates disasters worldwide.

Consequences

Global warming will affect life on earth in a variety of ways.   In recent years particular symptoms of global warming are emerging as drought, floods and icecap cutback in the North Pole. (What Is a Polar Ice Cap? nd)  Three major effects are as follows. 

1. Weather Disorder 

The current pattern of weather consists of a balance between the hydrosphere and the cryosphere.   Global warming disarranges this system of balance and creates enormous problems such as drought, bushfire, and storms. (What is climate change? nd).

2. Raising Sea Level

One of the major effects of global warming is raising sea level by melting glaciers.    The Climate Change in Australia explains that the sea level has raised 3.2 mm per year between 1993 and 2010. (Climate Variability and Climate Change 2014).  If sea levels raise a few feet millions of people will be displaced and seaports will go underwater.  

3. Health Crisis 

Global warming is a result of pollution, but pollution also intensifies communicable disease as well as asthma and allergies. Global warming has sufficient potential to expand a vast habitation for mosquitoes and mosquitoes can spreading more parasites.   

Although these effects are extremely terrifying but there are alternative solutions for global warming.

Alternative Solutions

Every action that can reduce greenhouse emissions is a solution for global warming.  Using energy sources other than from fossil fuels would be the major point.  Including enhancing the technology to reduce energy consumption, there are two major solutions for global warming.  

1. Renewable Energy  

Renewable energy is an alternative for fossil fuel with two superior attributes which are unlimited sources of power and do not cause much harm the environment.  The main five renewable energy sources are solar, hydro, wind, geothermal and bioenergy, (David Suzuki Foundation 2014). Every step toward renewable energy is phasing out fossil fuel. According to The David Suzuki Foundation (2014) $244 billion was spent worldwide for renewable energy only in 2012. The budget covered a variety of investments in the fields of research, development, and manufacturing of renewable energy, (Energy Overview nd).

2. Waste Management and Carbon Damping   

Some wastes is harmful to the environment and intensifies global warming.  Many kinds of wastes are degradable, nevertheless, they can release greenhouse gases in the process of spoilage.  According to The IEA website, (2014), managing wastes properly and damping carbon dioxide of factories and power stations deep underground could be the best way to halt further emissions and prevent global warming.  In Saskatchewan, Canada an 110MW power station traps around 1 million tonnes of carbon dioxide every year.  The IEA states, this coal burning factory is equipped to capture CO₂ and inject it back into the nearby landfill. (Hails Historic Launch of Carbon Capture and Storage Project 1, 10, 2014) 

Conclusion

Global warming is one of the most challenging problems on Earth.  The world has never been so warm within past few millenniums, (WWF 2014).  Coal and oil related industries, deforestation and exceeded consumption have leaded to global warming. After 1890 the global temperature shows a constant increase.  Perhaps many opportunities have already lost but still global warming prevention doesn’t seem inconceivable. 

Global warming is a live threatens for every kind of species everywhere on the planet Earth.  It cannot be limited inside political or geographical boarders.  Global warming is a matter for every individual and needs the entire globe to stand together in order to halt this increasing threat.  Alongside seeking alternatives for fossil fuels, enhancing energy efficient technology and promoting green culture would be the best solutions.

References 

Climate Variability and Climate Change 2014, Climate Change in Australia, viewed on 5 June 2015,< http://www.climatechangeinaustralia.gov.au/en/climate-campus/climate-system/variability-vs-change >.

 Energy overview nd, David Suzuki Foundation, viewed 7 June 2015, <http://davidsuzuki.org/issues/climate-change/science/energy/overview>. 

Overview nd, World Wildlife Fund, viewed on 5 June 2015,<https://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/deforestation>. 

Hails Historic Launch of Carbon Capture and Storage Project 2014, IEA, viewed 7 June 2015,<http://www.iea.org/newsroomandevents/pressreleases/2014/october/iea-hails-historic-launch-of-carbon-capture-and-storage-project.html>. 

What is climate change? Nd, Australian Conservation Foundation, viewed 10 June 2015.<http://www.acfonline.org.au/be-informed/climate-change/impacts-threats?gclid=CNPfi__tg8YCFZd5vQodMbsAnw>. 

What is a Polar Ice Cap? nd, Wonder O Polis, viewed 10 Jun. 15.  <http://wonderopolis.org/wonder/what-is-a-polar-ice-cap/>. 

Richard Flanagan

 The Narrow Road to the Deep North

A story of a father who was once a prisoner of war motivated his son to write a world acclaimed novel. This is The Narrow Road to the Deep North by Australian novelist Richard Flanagan.  The novel won the Man Booker Prize in 2014. Richard Miller Flanagan was born in 1961 in Langford, Tasmania.  He grew up in western Tasmania in a family of six children.  Flanagan couldn’t finish school.  He left school when he was 16 years old.  After six years at the age of 22, he entered the University of Tasmania. Flanagan was successful to get a scholarship to Oxford University.  

Including The Narrow Road to the Deep North, Richard Flanagan has written another five novels and four nonfiction books.  But the last novel made him even more famous by winning the international prize.  He wrote his first novel in 1994, titled ‘The Death of a River Guide’.  The book was well received.  One of the The New York Times book reviewers praised the novel and wrote ‘would be worth reading’ Reese (April 8, 2001).  According to Flanagan’s official website, the rest of the four novels are listed as: The Sound of One Hand Clapping (1997) Gould's Book of Fish: A Novel in Twelve Fish (2001) The Unknown Terrorist (2006) and The Wanting (2008).

Richard Flanagan is a hardworking and passionate writer. In his interview with the ABC TV (2014), he mentioned that he spent 12 years to finish The Narrow Road to the Deep North.  All the time he was illustrating the harsh experiences of his father during the war along with love, passion, dignity, and humanity in the novel. Mysteriously Flanagan’s father died on the same day that the novel was finished. The writer provided his father with an eternal life as his novel has mentioned as a ‘masterpiece’ by the Man Booker judge Prof Grayling (2014). 

Richard Flanagan is not a rich man neither he has been doing a big business as being a writer and descendant of a POW. During the years Flanagan has worked hard to keep continue with writing.  He mentioned he was decided to go for a job in the mines in northern Australia.  He described writing as a ‘penurious profession’. Despite the fact that he has experienced so many difficulties in his own life, he donated $40,000 of his award to Aboriginals Literacy Foundation. The news was covered by ABC News in which Flanagan quoted his father who used to say with regards to money that: ‘Pile it up and it stinks. Spread it around and you can grow things. ABC News (9 Dec 2014, 2:46pm). 

Richard Flanagan lives in Tasmania with his wife Majda Smolej and their three children. The Man Booker Prize has granted him a sufficient contribution to keep writing for the rest of his life. There will be no contemplation of working in a mine anymore for him. 

 References 

Jennifer, R 2001, ‘As I Lay Drowning’, The New York Times, Books, viewed 29 May 2015, <https://www.nytimes.com/books/01/04/08/reviews/010408.08reeset.html>.

Nick, M 2014, ‘Richard Flanagan wins 2014 Man Booker Prize for The Narrow Road to the Deep North’ , The Sydney Morning Herald, viewed 30 May 2015, <http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/books/richard-flanagan-wins-2014-man-booker-prize-for-the-narrow-road-to-the-deep-north-20141015-1165ol.html#ixzz3bhphD4PZ>.

Rachael, B 2014, ‘Richard Flanagan shares PM's Literary Award win; gives away prize money’, ABC, viewed 31 May 2015, <http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-12-09/richard-flanagan-wins-pm-literary-award-gives-away-prize-money/5953222>.

Should a Parent Stay at Home to Look After Children?

Raising children is one of the most difficult responsibilities that parents experience during their life.  A child needs to be looked after from very beginning right after the child is born.  There are essential demands for being alive like food, clothes, habitant and medicine but a child needs more as he or she is growing up. Education would be the main and vital need for a child following the essential demands. Raising a child creates a variety of responsibilities for parents which may differ based on society but certainly the commitments are expanding during the time. 

There is an idea that a parent needs to stay at home to look after the children.  Regardless of agreeing or not agreeing, this idea by itself highlights the exigence of growing a child. It is important not leave the child alone but it is also important for a parent to go out and do other tasks outside the house.  This issue may turn as more critical  considering parents with specific conditions particularly for single parents.  There are some conditions that challenges this idea but in my point of view it would be much better if one could stay at home and look after the children. 

There has been a long time that a parent was the only one handling to feed their children and also teach them.  This ancient life style leaded a child to be more dependent to their parents. Back then a strong emotional relation created between parents and children.  Historically mothers were more involved in raising a child rather that fathers.  That is why despite the fact that decedents are mostly relaying on their fathers, but mothers are the symbol of sentiment and affection. The modern society has affected life by changing the way of education.  Nowadays the parents are no longer the sole tutor of children. 

In contemporary life every human being is deemed to be a positive member of the society. Because every child becomes an adult in coming time, so children need to be educated, mentored and activated properly. This is the underlined principle of life. This principle challenges the previous approach of parents for their natural teaching, justifying that a child must be exposed to public education and not limited to in house mentoring. 

People live in different societies with dissimilar life styles. In developed countries like Australia the matter of child care is managed well. There is a good system set up to let parents leave their home and do their jobs while their children will looked after by those of child care services.  This might be a sort of solution but still children need their parents to accompany them with compassionate along with education.  This is the what make growing a child one of the most difficult issue for parents.